For thousands of millions of years the moon has been going round the earth. During this time, the moon has been the __1__ satellite of the earth. Today, __2__,the earth has many other satellites all __3__ by man. These manmade satellites are very much smaller than the moon. However, some of them will still be going __4__ the earth thousands of years from now.
Manmade satellites do not __5__ because they are going too fast to do so. As they speed along, they __6__ to go straight off into space. They __7__ out of the earth, or its gravity, which __8__ them from doing this. As a result, they travel in an orbit round the earth.
If a manmade satellite travels about at a certain height, it can keep going __9__ round the earth, just like the moon. This is __10__ it is above the atmosphere, and there is nothing to __11__ it down. If it travels __12__ than that, it will be slowed down so much that it will __13__ the earth.
Men have __14__ spaceships to the moon and to the two __15__ planets: Mars (火星) and Venus (金星). By putting a camera on __16__ the spaceship to the moon, men have been able to __17__ photographs of the other side of the moon. This side is always __18__ from us as the moon circles the earth. The __19__ are later transmitted by radio to the earth. They showed that the other side of the __20__ is very much the same as the side that turns towards us.
语篇解读:在人造卫星出现之前,月亮是地球唯一的卫星。人造卫星能在太空中正常运转的原因是它位于大气之上,如果运行高度下降的话,卫星就会掉下来。
1.A.biggest B.brightest
C.last D.only
解析:选D 从下文可知,在人造卫星出现之前,月亮是地球唯一的卫星。
2.A.besides B.however
C.though D.therefore
解析:选B 上文说月亮是地球唯一的卫星,而下文说后来有了很多别的卫星,所以是转折关系。副词though表示“可是,然而”,放在句中时,其前后没有逗号。however“然而”放在句中时,前后可以有逗号,故选B项。
3.A.assumed B.discovered
C.made D.foresaw
解析:选C 从下文中的“These manmade satellites ...”可知,这些卫星是人造的,也就是“made by man”。
4.A.through B.round
C.behind D.after
解析:选B 联系关键词still“仍然”,再联系上文中的“going round the earth”可知,这些人造卫星仍然会绕着地球转。
5.A.fall B.rise
C.burst D.pause
解析:选A 从下文内容可知,此处是讲述人造卫星不会落下来的原因。
6.A.decide B.wish
C.plan D.tend
解析:选D 当卫星加速时,卫星的运动趋势就是冲入太空。
7.A.pull B.reach
C.bring D.launch
解析:选A 它们会冲出地球,也就是脱离地球引力。pull out意为“冲出,离开”。
8.A.protects B.prevents
C.keeps D.discourages
解析:选B 地球引力的作用是阻止它们冲出地球。
9.A.in and out B.on and on
C.to and from D.up and down
解析:选B 从上文内容可知,如果卫星在一定高度运行,就能持续运转。on and on意为“一直,持续”,符合文意。in and out意为“出出进进”; to and from意为“来来回回,往返”;up and down意为“上上下下”,均不符合文意。
10.A.because B.how
C.where D.when
解析:选A 本句讲述的是卫星正常运转的原因,故选A。
11.A.hand B.pass
C.slow D.bring
解析:选C 卫星正常运转的原因就是在大气层之上,没有东西会降低卫星的运行速度,下一句中的“it will be slowed down”是很好的提示。
12.A.higher B.longer
C.farther D.lower
解析:选D 从上文我们知道卫星正常运转,不会落下来就是因为它的运行高度,所以,如果他们运行高度下降,卫星就不能正常运转。
13.A.search for B.fall to
C.go after D.knock at
解析:选B 从本段我们可以看出,如果运行高度下降的话,卫星就会掉下来。
14.A.witnessed B.offered
C.launched D.drove
解析:选C 我们知道飞船是人们发射上去的。
15.A.nearest B.smallest
C.biggest D.farthest
解析:选A 根据常识,我们知道人们发射的飞船是到了最近的星球上。
16.A.board B.average
C.earth D.end
解析:选A 通过把照相机安装在飞船上,可以拍照。on board意为“在(船、火车、飞机)上”,符合文意。on average意为“平均”;on earth意为“到底,究竟”;on end意为“竖着,连续地”,均不符合文意。
17.A.avenge B.film
C.catch D.take
解析:选D 固定搭配take photographs of ...意为“给……拍照”。
18.A.holy B.hidden
C.different D.stable
解析:选B 根据常识我们知道月亮有一面是永远背对我们的,所以不被我们看到。hidden是动词hide“隐藏”的过去式。
19.A.rocks B.speeches
C.sounds D.photos
解析:选D 上文提到了在飞船上安装照相机,所以传回来的是照片。
20.A.moon B.earth
C.spaceship D.space
解析:选A 根据上文内容可知,这些照片表明月球的另一面与面对我们的一面几乎是完全相同的。