A
In 1905，as part of his Special Theory of Relativity，Albert Einstein published the point that a large amount of energy could be released from a small amount of matter.This was expressed by equation E＝mc2(energy＝mass times the speed of light squared)．But bombs were not what Einstein had in mind when he published this equation.
In 1929，he publicly declared that if a war broke out he would “refuse to do war service，direct or indirect...”．His position would change in 1933，as a result of Adolf Hitler’s coming into power in Germany.
Einstein’s greatest role in the invention of the atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be working on an atomic bomb.Among those concerned were physicists Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner.But Szilard and Wigner had no influence with those in power.So in July 1939 they explained the problem to someone who did：Albert Einstein.After talking with Einstein，in August 1939，Szilard wrote a letter to President Roosevelt with Einstein’s signature on it，which was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939.
Germany had invaded Poland the previous month；the time was ripe for action.That October research of abomb began but proceeded slowly because the invention of the atomic bomb seemed distant and unlikely.In April 1940 an Einstein letter，ghostwritten by Szilard，pressed the researchers on the need for “greater speed”．
As the realization of nuclear weapons grew near，Einstein looked beyond the current war to future problems that such weapons could bring.He wrote to his friend about his fear about the future use of the abomb.
The atomic bombings of Japan occurred three months after Germany gave in.
In November 1954，five months before his death，Einstein summarized his feelings about his role in the creation of the atomic bomb：“I made one great mistake in my life...when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made；but there was some justification—the danger that the Germans would make them.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。爱因斯坦曾表示自己不会为战争服务，但是后来却间接推动了原子弹的研发。
1．What can we learn about Szilard and Wigner?
A．They were not as influential as Einstein.
B．They were responsible for the invention of nuclear weapons.
C．They had cheated their friend Albert Einstein.
D．They had an intention to destroy the world.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But Szilard and Wigner had no influence with those in power.So in July 1939 they explained the problem to someone who did：Albert Einstein.”可推知，Szilard和Wigner不如爱因斯坦那么有影响力。故选A。
2．Einstein realized his mistake of ________．
A．cooperating with his workmates
B．inventing the atomic bomb
C．publishing his equation
D．signing the letter to President Roosevelt
D 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I made one great mistake in my life...when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made...”可知，爱因斯坦意识到自己为那封给罗斯福总统的信签名是一个错误。故选D。
3．Why did Einstein suggest making atom bombs?
A．Because President Roosevelt asked him to do so.
B．Because it was likely that Hitler would make them.
C．Because he was not in favor of President Roosevelt.
D．Because it was not necessary to do so.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Einstein’s greatest role in the invention of the atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be working on an atomic bomb.”以及最后一段可知，爱因斯坦之所以建议造原子弹是因为他担心德国的希特勒可能会造原子弹。故选B。
4．The best title for the passage would be “________”．
A．A Story of Albert Einstein
B．Albert Einstein and the Atomic Bomb
C．It Was Unfair for Einstein
D．How the Atomic Bomb Was Invented
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是爱因斯坦对原子弹的研发的影响，所以B项“爱因斯坦和原子弹”适合用作本文的标题。故选B。
