A
(2020·绵阳诊断)We are what we eat. That is an old expression, but one worth knowing. A recent look at diets around the world shows that people who eat healthy food—and not too much of it—live longer. But which areas of the world have the best diets? Researchers found that foods in some of the healthiest diets—Mediterranean diet, New Nordic diet, Japanese diet and French diet—may be very different, but they are all heavy on local and seasonal foods, which include more vegetables and seafood and less red meat.
Mediterranean diet contains lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and olive oil. The diet has proper amounts of fish and poultry(家禽肉). Red meat and foods high in sugar and salt are not big parts of this diet.
New Nordic diet has whole grains like oats and rye, vegetables such as carrots, broccoli and eggs, seafood, fruits, oil, lowfat milk and cheese. Sugary desserts are not common in this diet.
Japanese people are some of the longest living people on the planet, with women up to 87 years old and men up to 80. The Japanese diet is the reason for such lengths of life. The diet has many foods that are low in calories and high in nutrients. Japanese people eat a lot of seaweed, tofu, rice, vegetables and fish. The tradition there is to stop eating when your stomach feels 80 percent full.
However, French people eat fatty foods but do not get fat. And they live a long time. This phenomenon is called the “French Paradox”. The reason why the French eat fatty foods without getting fat may be simple. They eat less. Serving sizes in French restaurants and of products sold in stores are smaller than those in most countries. And generally speaking, most French people do not snack. This means they do not eat food between meals.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。
1．What do we know about the healthiest diets around the world?
A．They contain abundant calories.
B．They tend to be expensive.
C．They share certain similarities.
D．They reflect popular tastes.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“may be very different, but they are all heavy on local and seasonal foods, which include more vegetables and seafood and less red meat”可知，尽管有不同之处，但世界上最健康的饮食都使用很多当地的和时令的食物，包括更多的蔬菜和海鲜及更少的红肉。由此可知，世界上最健康的饮食有一定的相似之处，故选C项。
2．What is considered as a harmful eating habit in Japanese tradition?
A．Going low in calories.
B．Eating to the fullest.
C．Having much seafood.
D．Picking many foods.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The tradition there is to stop eating when your stomach feels 80 percent full.”可知，日本的传统是吃八成饱。由此可推知，吃得很饱在日本被认为是不良的饮食习惯，故选B项。
3．How does the author develop the central idea in the last 4 paragraphs?
A．By building connections.
B．By exploring reasons.
C．By listing examples.
D．By analyzing figures.
C 解析：写作手法题。通读后四段可知，作者列举了这些健康饮食中的食物，故本文后四段是通过举例子的方式来说明中心观点的。
4．Which can be the most suitable title for the text?
A．What Is the Healthiest Diet on Earth?
B．How Does the Old Expression Serve?
C．Why Is a Healthy Diet So Important?
D．Where Can We Feed Ourselves Well?
A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。故A项作为文章标题最合适。
【难句分析】 A recent look at diets around the world shows that people who eat healthy food—and not too much of it—live longer.
分析：本句是主从复合句。句中that引导宾语从句，作shows的宾语；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。
译文：最近一项对世界各地的饮食的研究表明，吃健康食物的人——且不吃过量——会活得更久。
