A
External bleeding.Apply direct pressure.Place a clean，folded cloth over the injured area and firmly apply pressure.If blood soaks through，do not remove it.Instead，cover that cloth with another one and continue to apply pressure to the wound for 7—10 minutes.If the bleeding is from the ear，place a clean bandage over the ear，lay the victim on his side，and allow the blood to drain out through the bandage.
Elevate the injury.Position the wounded part of the body above the level of the heart if possible while you apply direct pressure.
Know the pressure points.If direct pressure and elevation don't sufficiently slow the bloodflow，find a pressure point.Large arteries (动脉) found close to the skin's surface supply blood to the head and to each arm and leg.The most common pressure points used during the first aid are located in the upper arms and in the creases above the upper legs.Apply pressure to the closest pressure point to the wound so that the artery is pressed between your fingers and the bone directly behind the artery.If using the pressure point on a leg，you may need to use the heel of your hand instead of your fingers.
Resort to a tourniquet(止血带，压脉器)．On very rare occasions everything listed above may fail.To prevent the victim from dying，you should apply a tourniquet.Once a tourniquet is applied，it should not be loosened or removed until the victim has reached medical help.Use a tourniquet only if everything listed above has failed.If you use a tourniquet，write down somewhere on the victim the time when it was applied，so medical persons will know how long it has been in place.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，主要介绍一些如何止血的方法。
1．According to the passage，if a person is wounded and bleeding，you should ________．
A．cover the wound with a clean，folded cloth and press it
B．spread some salve(药膏)on the wound
C．press the wound firmly with your fingers
D．place a clean bandage over the wound
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Place a clean，folded cloth over the injured area and firmly apply pressure.”可知A项为正确选项。
答案：A
2．If blood soaks through the cloth，you should ________．
A．change a clean one immediately
B．wash the wound at once
C．press the wound firmly with your hand
D．cover the one with another one and press it
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第四、五句“If blood soaks through，do not remove it.Instead，cover that cloth with another one and continue to apply pressure to the wound for 7—10 minutes.”可知D项为正确答案。
答案：D
3．According to the passage，we know that ________．
A．it is better to put the injured part above the head to stop bleeding
B．large arteries deep in the muscle supply blood to the head and to each arm and leg
C．we should use a tourniquet first to stop bleeding
D．the most common pressure points lie in the upper arms and in the creases above the upper legs
解析：细节理解题。第三段第四句明确提到“The most common pressure points used during the first aid are located in the upper arms and in the creases above the upper legs”，因此D项为正确答案。
答案：D
