1.句子结构的变化
（1）直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时由that引导宾语从句，that也可以省略。
He said, “My father never talks much about the war.”
→He said that his father never talked much about the war.
She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
（2）直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句，变为间接引语时由if或whether引导宾语从句。大多数情况下if和whether可以互换，但后面有or （not）时，一般只用whether。
He asked me, “Do you like playing football?”
→He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.
He asked, “Do you speak English or French？”
→He asked me whether I spoke English or French.
“You have finished the homework, haven’t you?” my mother asked.
→My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework （or not）.
