一、 构词法的定义及分类
按照一定的语言规律创造新词的方法叫作构词法。英语构词法主要有转化法、合成法、派生法、首尾缩略法等。
二、 构词法讲解
(一)转化法
1．概念：英语中一个词由一种词类转到另一种或几种词类而不发生词形的变化，称为转化。
2．四种转化
[观察典例]
Let's go out for a walk.
我们出去散散步吧。
Women have an equal say in everything.
妇女在各方面都有同等的发言权。
He backed his car into the garage.
他把车倒进车库。
Did you book a seat on the plane?
你订好飞机座位了吗？
The train slowed down to half its speed.
火车速度减慢了一半。
We will try our best to better our living conditions.
我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。
She was dressed in blue.
她穿着蓝色衣服。
The old here are living a happy life.
这里的老年人过着幸福的生活。
[归纳用法]
四种转化：①动词转化为名词 ②名词转化为动词
③形容词转化为动词 ④形容词转化为名词
[即学即练1] 句型转换
①We had lunch together after the meeting.
→We lunched together after the meeting.
②Let's fill the water into this bottle.
→Let's bottle the water.
③You are so fat that you have to go on a diet.
→You are so fat that you have to diet．
④Snow often falls in my hometown in winter.
→It often snows in my hometown in winter.
